Milking machine teat cup



' www@ July 9, 935

C. H. HAPGQOD MILKING MACHINE TEAT CUP Filed March 19, 1932 WWA/Ess.-

'l 'N UNITEDSTTE Patented July 9, 1935V ,I i Y f MlLKING raftVENT*'oFFiclzf Cyrus VI-Iloward Hangend, Nutley, N. J., assigner to The De Laval Separator Company, New

v York, NL Y., a corporation otNew Jersey Y' ApplicationMarch 19, 1932, Serial No. 599,875

Claims.,v (Cl. 31-8757) y v pulsations, an alternate balancing and unbalancing of air pressure between the outer teatcup chamber and the atmosphere. c

Y The object of the .present invention is Vto accomplish the same result, in a more eiiicient and simpler manner, by the provision of `diiirere'ntial air pressure areas which create, during the pneumatic pulsations, an alternate balancing andunbalancing of air pressures between the outer teat :cup Vchamber and the vacuumspa'ce within or communicating .with --the milk chamber of the The finvention,- maybe embodiedV in various speciiic forms, twoof whichrare shown vin the drawing, Figs. 1 and 2 beinglongtudinal sectional Views of such two embodiments.- v

The teat cup comprisesY an outer' metal shell `the main'body a of which is expanded` at` its uplper-fendY and. 'aninner rubber liner b whichis stretched and expanded at its upper end and there held 'within' the! expanded `lii'perend of the shell The' lower Aend d of the shell, which maybe integral with its main body, is expanded in diameter and is rolled outv ward at its lower extremity to form a `bead e.

The lower 'end of the liner is expanded in diameter and is bent around the bead e andV extends for a short distance along theouter wall of the lower end d of the shell. An end head which, with the shell a, d, comprises the casing of the teat cup, in part extends below, and in part surrounds, the lower end d of the shell and isl pro# vided with a shoulder g between which and the bead e the liner is coniined. TheV head isheld in fixed relation with thevshell, and is pressed against the liner as described, byl means of a ring lz, which is threaded on a ring z' secured to the shell and has an inwardly extendingV annularange supporting anoutwardly extending annular flange at the upper extremity of the headf.

VThe head f. is provided'with a nozzle lc, uponv which is adapted -to be slipped a hose or tube (not shown), which isV connected with a source of August 428, .Y

"solute pressures in the two vacuum, the absolute pressure vacuum and amilk receiver and through which Vthemilkfrorn the teat isponveyedy to the milk Projectingwfromlthe shell is a nozzle m upon which is adapted to Vbe slipped a hose or tube connected with a source of pneumatic pulsations. In one respect the operation is the same as that characterizing the ordinary commercial teat cup; that is,'the milk chamberfof theteat cup, comprising the space enclosed by the liner b` and the cup'f, isv subjected to a constant partialA vacuum,

while the space surrounding the liner-#the pulsa# tion chamberis connected alternately with the atmosphere and with a` partial vacuum. f The abc teat cup chambers are preferably-althoughnot necessarily', approxi-'- mately the same during the lo'w pressure intervals within the outer teat cup chamberl- During .the outer teat cup chamber, if the pressures within the Vtwo chambers are=approxima`tely` the same, the liner assumes the shape shown in Fig. l1, which isalsothe shape which it assumes when the teat cupi's vnot in use. When the outervv teat cup' chamber is absolutepressure higherthan. ,that within the liner; the lineris compressed radially to squeeze the teat, as in the ordinary double-chambered teat cups. The expanded :upper and lower ends of the liner are also Ysubjected to differential pressures tending to` stretch the liner longitudi# nallyybut -o-wing -to the4 greater annular varea of the outwardly. bent lower end of theteat cup, the unbalanced pressures become operative to push the lower end of the liner downward Vandrcause it to assume a form more or less like that shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.v VTo simplify the drawing the usual inward displacement or compression of the liner is not illustrated, the drawing being intended to indicate only the way in which the liner is expanded longitudinally during the unbalanced pressure intervals. When the youter teat cup chamber isconnected within the outer teat cup chamber is reduced, preferably but not necessarily so as to balance the constant absolute is contracted longitudinally to its normal shape.

.A notable advantage of my improved teat cup is that theV vdesired longitudinal back and forth movement ofthe liner is obtained without in any way adding to the parts, or otherwise complicating', the construction of anordinary teat cup.

In Fig. 2, instead of expanding the lower end of the liner, it is Vcontracted to provide a neck.

subjected to atmospheric or other Alow pressure intervals within the`v with Va partialVV Y pressure within the milk chamber, and the liner Y ceive pneumatic .pulsations Aand fthereby,

2 which is surrounded by an annular diaphragm secured to the casing. In the particular embodiment shown, the diaphragm n is of rubber and its peripheral portion is secured in position in the same manner as is secured the lower end of the liner in Fig. 1. The inner circular edge of the diaphragm may carry a. metal ring o which engages the neck of the liner.

What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is: y

1. A teat cup comprising an outer pneumatic pulsation chamber and an innerj low pressure chamber adapted to receive the teatandthrough which the milk is discharged, a iieirible andelastic liner separating the twochambersand which is normally not under tension and is expansible and contractible longitudinally, Vthe inner low pressure chamber extending b elowias well Vas within the outer pulsation chamber, Ythe lower end of the outer pulsation chamber being substantially `expanded radially and the lower-end of `the liner being ,connected 4with Vthe expanded lowerend of the outer pulsation chamber vto afiordan airzpressure surface -effective'during the high pressure intervals of said pneumatic pulsations ,-to elongate the liner, the liner contracting longitudinally during the low pressure pneumatic pulsation .intervals k2. 1A teat vcup comprising anouter shell having anfeipanded lower end, a flexible andv elastic liner, .and means vconnecting the upper vend` of the liner Withthe vupper endof the shell, thelower end portion of the linerbeingconnected with the .expanded lower-.end `of .the shell at a Yradial distance `from its longitudinal center substantiallyigreatergthan3theradal-distance of its upper endreonnection with theupper end of the shell,

the lower end portion ofthe Aliner being free to' niovelongitudinally, theliner-being Ynormally not vLinder tension-the space within and below the liner being :adapted to be ,maintained under a partial vacuum, thespace between the liner and shell: providing .anlouter chamberadapted to revby the alternate .unbalancing and balancing of pneumaticpressures on-oppositesides ofthe lower end, eiectan alternate elongation and contractionof the liner. u

.3. A teatcupeomprising an-outer shell having; an expanded ilower. end, :a xflexible and'` elastic linerlbent outward at;its,upper,end and secured to theupper-:endof the shell and bent outward at its expanded .lower endand secured to the lower end of the shell at a radial distance from its longitudinal center substantially greater than the radial distance of its upper end connection with the upper end of the shell, the liner being normally not under tension, the space within and below the liner being adapted to be maintained under a partial vacuum, the space between the liner and shell providing an outer chamber adapted to receive pneumatic pulsations and thereby, by the 'alternate unbalancing and balancing of pneumatic pressures on opposite sides of the out- 'wardly bent lower end of the liner, alternately pulling down, and permitting the retraction of,

the lower end of the liner.

4. A teat ,cup comprising an outer casing having lan Yexpanded lower end, a flexible and elastic Ytubular liner the upper end of which is bent outward and secured to the upper end of the casing, an annular diaphragm connecting the lower end of the tubular liner and the expanded lower end of -the casing, the lower end of the casing having a `:mill: outlet, vwhereby when the space enclosed by the liner and by the lower end of the casing is maintained under a partial vacuum andthe space between the liner and shell is subjected to pneumatic pulsations, said diaphragm will beoperated by pneumatic pressure changes'toalternately elongate and contract the liner.

5. A-teat cupncornpr-ising an louter shell open at its upper vteat-receiving end and provided at its opposite lower end with a milk outflow opening, a iiexible ,and elastic inner liner, the liner between its ends ybeing spaced from the shell to provide an annular pulsationcharnber, the space within the liner-and the space within the shell below the liner providing'a lowpressure chamber, the shell being'of substantially greater diameter in its lower end portion than in its upper end portion, and 'means connecting opposite ends of the liner with the larger Vand smaller diameter parts of thepshellrespectively at respectively relatively large and small distances from thecenter line of the teat cup, the liner being normally not under-tension, thereby affording differential pressure VVareas 'at opposite endsv of the pulsation chamber whereby, Ywhen the annular chamber is subjected to pneumatic pulsation, the liner will, during ,high and low pressure periods respectively, appreciably alternately expand and contract in a longitudinal direction and subject theteat-to a massaging action.

CYRUS HOWARD HAPGOOD. 

